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What is Congenital Spinal Stenosis?

Congenital spinal stenosis occurs when a person is born with a spinal canal that is naturally narrower than normal. The spinal canal is the passageway that houses the spinal cord and nerves, and when it’s too narrow, it can lead to compression, irritation, or even damage to these vital structures. While some people with congenital spinal stenosis may not experience symptoms for many years, the condition can worsen over time, especially with age or the development of other spine issues. This condition can affect any part of the spine, but it is most common in the lumbar (lower back) and cervical (neck) regions. It is different from acquired spinal stenosis, which typically develops later in life due to factors like degenerative changes, arthritis, or disc herniation.

Healthcare professional examining a woman’s spine and posture during a physical assessment

Symptoms of Congenital Spinal Stenosis

The symptoms of congenital spinal stenosis vary depending on the location and severity of the narrowing. If the spinal canal is significantly constricted, it may put pressure on the spinal cord or nerve roots, causing the following:

  • Pain: Typically in the lower back or neck, which may radiate down into the legs or arms.
  • Numbness or tingling: Irritation and compression of nerves can cause loss of sensations or numbness and the feeling of "pins and needles".
  • Weakness: If nerve function is compromised, patients may experience muscle weakness in the legs, arms, or back.
  • Difficulty walking: In severe cases, pressure on the spinal cord may lead to difficulty walking or balancing.
  • Bladder or bowel issues: In rare cases, severe stenosis may affect control over bladder and bowel function, which requires immediate medical attention.
Doctor evaluating patient’s back posture in front of anatomical posters

Diagnosis of Congenital Spinal Stenosis

At Gerling Spine Care and Research Institute, we begin by thoroughly evaluating the patient’s symptoms and medical history. To confirm the diagnosis, we use advanced imaging techniques such as MRI or CT scans, which allow us to visualize the spine and assess the degree of stenosis. X-rays may also be used to examine bone structure, spinal deformity, spinal instability and any associated abnormalities that could be contributing to the narrowing or stenosis of the spinal canal.

Treatment for Congenital Spinal Stenosis

Treatment for congenital spinal stenosis depends on the severity of symptoms, the area of the spine affected, and the patient's overall health. While surgery may be needed for more advanced cases, many patients benefit from conservative, non-surgical treatments. Some of the options include:

Physical therapy

Focused on strengthening the muscles around the spine and improving flexibility to alleviate pressure on the spinal nerves.

Medications

Nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) can help reduce inflammation and alleviate pain. In some cases, nerve pain medications or muscle relaxants may be prescribed.

Epidural steroid injections

These can be used to reduce inflammation and relieve pain by injecting corticosteroids directly into the area around the spinal cord.

Minimally invasive procedures

For patients who don’t respond to conservative measures, procedures like endoscopic discectomy or spinal decompression may be considered to relieve pressure and restore spinal function.

Surgery

In severe cases, surgery may be required to remove bone spurs, herniated discs, or other structures causing the narrowing. Procedures like laminectomy or spinal fusion may be performed to decompress the spinal cord, correct deformity and stabilize the spine.

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Why Choose Gerling Spine Care and Research Institute for Congenital Spinal Stenosis Treatment?

At Gerling Spine Care and Research Institute, we are dedicated to providing cutting-edge care for patients with congenital spinal stenosis. Our team, led by Dr. Michael Gerling and supported by Dr. Zorica Buser, takes a personalized approach to treatment, tailoring solutions to meet each patient’s unique needs. Whether you require non-invasive treatments or advanced surgical procedures, we work closely with you to develop a treatment plan that improves your quality of life and relieves your symptoms.

If you are experiencing discomfort or symptoms associated with congenital spinal stenosis, don’t wait to seek care. Contact us to schedule a consultation and take the first step toward better spinal health.

Our Locations

Gerling Spinecare & Research Institute consists of NY Orthopedics & Gerling Institute NJ. Two practices, one standard of excellence.

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Relief starts with quality orthopedic care. Contact us today to take the next step toward a more active, pain-free life.

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