Thoracic Disc Herniation

Name: Gerling Spine Care and Research Institute
Rating: 4.4

A thoracic disc herniation occurs when a spinal disc in the mid-back bulges or ruptures, pressing on nearby nerves and causing pain, stiffness, or neurological symptoms in the torso or legs.

Understanding Thoracic Disc Herniation

The thoracic spine connects to the rib cage, providing essential support and stability for the upper body. Disc herniations are relatively uncommon because this part of the spine moves less than the neck or lower back. Still, when they occur, they can lead to significant pain, stiffness, and neurological symptoms that interfere with daily life.

At the Gerling Institute, our spine specialists diagnose and treat thoracic disc herniations using advanced imaging, minimally invasive techniques, and regenerative therapies designed to relieve pain and restore mobility.

Causes

Thoracic disc herniation can develop gradually or result from injury. The most common causes include:

Degenerative Disc Disease

Age-related wear can cause the spinal discs to lose water and elasticity, making them more likely to bulge or rupture under pressure.

Spinal Trauma

A sudden injury or repetitive strain to the mid-back can damage the disc’s outer layer, leading to herniation.

Poor Posture or Biomechanics

Prolonged slouching, twisting, or improper lifting techniques can place uneven stress on the thoracic spine and accelerate disc degeneration.

Genetic Predisposition

Inherited traits affecting disc strength or spinal structure can increase the likelihood of developing a thoracic disc herniation.

Previous Spinal Conditions or Surgery

Prior spinal disorders or surgical procedures may alter alignment and load distribution, contributing to disc weakening over time.

Doctor in blue scrubs holding a model of the human spine to explain spinal anatomy

Signs and Symptoms

Symptoms depend on the location and size of the herniation, as well as whether it compresses the spinal cord or nearby nerves. Common signs include:

Mid-back pain or stiffness
Pain radiating around the chest or abdomen (sometimes mistaken for heart or digestive issues)
Numbness or tingling in the trunk or legs
Muscle weakness or loss of coordination
Difficulty with balance or walking
In severe cases, changes in bladder or bowel control

If you experience any of these symptoms, particularly weakness or loss of control, seeking prompt medical evaluation is important.

Diagnosis

Accurate diagnosis begins with a comprehensive evaluation of your symptoms, medical history, and physical examination. To confirm the diagnosis and assess the extent of nerve involvement, your doctor may recommend:

MRI – to visualize the herniated disc and detect nerve compression
CT scan – to examine bone and soft tissue detail
X-rays – to rule out other spinal conditions or fractures
Electromyography (EMG) – to test nerve and muscle function when symptoms involve weakness or numbness

Treatment Options

Treatment for thoracic disc herniation depends on symptom severity, the degree of nerve compression, and your overall health. In many cases, non-surgical treatments can relieve pain and restore function.
Conservative treatments may include:

Physical therapy and guided exercise
Nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory medications (NSAIDs)
Epidural steroid injections
Activity modification and ergonomic correction
Heat and cold therapy

If conservative care does not provide relief or neurological symptoms worsen, surgical intervention may be recommended. Procedures such as thoracic discectomy or minimally invasive endoscopic surgery can remove the herniated portion of the disc, decompress the spinal cord, and stabilize the affected area. Your spine specialist will discuss the safest, most effective approach based on your needs.

Why Choose the Gerling Institute for Thoracic Disc Herniation Care

At the Gerling Institute, we go beyond standard spine treatment by addressing the whole person—body, mind, and spirit. Our team combines advanced diagnostics, minimally invasive techniques, and regenerative therapies to relieve pain, restore movement, and protect long-term spinal health.

Under the leadership of Dr. Michael Gerling, a global authority in endoscopic spine surgery and Director of Musculoskeletal Care at Bayonne Medical Center, we prioritize precision, compassion, and outcomes that let patients return to full, active lives faster. Here, innovation meets individualized care, so you can heal naturally, recover confidently, and move forward without limitation.

We’re here to help you move forward.

Relief starts with experienced spine care. Contact us today to schedule your consultation and take the next step toward a more active, pain-free life.